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If you have disabilities you can buy life insurance, but the right plan to protect your loved ones depends on whether you are disabled or you care for someone who is.
If you have a disability or support someone who has a disability, it’s important to have life insurance to protect your loved ones. The specifics of your disability will determine what type of life insurance is right for you and who you should name as a beneficiary.
Whichever policy you choose, the goal when shopping for life insurance is to secure financial protection for your family. Here are the details that matter when purchasing life insurance for people with disabilities.
Key takeaways
Adults with disabilities are not disqualified from getting life insurance
Parents and caretakers of adults with disabilities should name that adult or a trust the beneficiary of their life insurance policy
Life insurance for children or a child rider on a parent’s policy can secure lifetime coverage for a child with disabilities
Separate life and disability insurance policies offer the most comprehensive financial protection for your loved ones
Having a developmental, physical, or any other type of disability does not disqualify you from getting life insurance coverage in most cases. Your application is evaluated and your premium is set using the same factors that are used for other applicants, including age, gender, medical history, and hobbies.
The more risk you present to the insurer—medical or otherwise—the higher your premiums will be.
According to the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), [1] a person with a disability is someone who has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activity, such as:
Breathing
Communicating
Hearing
Learning
Seeing
Sleeping
Walking [2]
Life insurance companies consider disabilities in the context of how they affect your health. Someone who was born blind would likely be considered lower risk than someone who became blind due to a medical condition, for example.
The type and severity of your disability will inform the health classification and premiums an insurer gives you. Every life insurance application is evaluated holistically and every provider calculates risk differently, so it’s important to compare quotes and providers to find the most affordable policy.
Life insurance provides your loved ones with funds for funeral expenses and other long-term needs. You should purchase a policy for yourself if you’re an adult with a disability who has:
Dependents
Caretakers
Outstanding debts
There are two main types of life insurance: term life insurance, which lasts for a set period and whole life insurance, which lasts as long as you keep paying premiums and has a cash value.
Term life insurance: Term life is best for most people because it’s five to 15 times cheaper than whole life. You only pay for it as long as you need it and can easily cancel when you no longer have debts or dependents.
Whole life insurance: A whole life policy is a good option if your disability is likely to worsen as you age or if you know you’ll have dependents into retirement and beyond. You’ll get lifelong coverage and your premiums won’t change.
If your disability has a significant impact on your overall health or ability to care for yourself, you may not qualify for a traditional life insurance policy. However, other types of life insurance can provide some financial support to your loved ones:
Final expense insurance: These policies— guaranteed issue and simplified issue insurance —primarily cover end-of-life expenses and allow you to skip a medical exam. There are age restrictions for both and health restrictions for simplified issue plans.
Group life insurance: Employers and other organizations often supply subsidized life insurance to employees with no health evaluation required. You may be offered less coverage than you need, but some insurance is better than none.
Joint life insurance: If your spouse qualifies for traditional life insurance, you may be able to buy a joint policy that covers both of you. You’ll be eligible for more coverage this way, but depending on your plan, you’ll lose coverage if your partner dies before you or your plan won’t pay out until after you both pass away.
Life insurance for veterans: If you’re a veteran with a disability, you may be able to continue the coverage provided to you during your service. If you became disabled while in service, you may qualify for additional coverage.
Compare and buy life insurance
If you care for an adult with disabilities who needs lifelong financial support, you have the same options listed above, including term life insurance and permanent life insurance. However, you would be the policyholder and the policy would provide financial security for a loved one with disabilities.
You can name your dependent, a trust, or another caretaker as your beneficiary to ensure your loved one gets the support they need:
Name your dependent as a beneficiary if they don’t qualify for their own policy so they or their dependents have guaranteed financial support.
Name a trust or caretaker as a beneficiary if your dependent is unable to manage their finances to ensure that your death benefit is used for your dependent’s care.
It’s common to buy whole life insurance if you have a dependent with disabilities. The lifetime coverage means that no matter when you pass away, your dependent receives a payout.
If you have a child with a disability, it’s important to have your own coverage that pays out to a trust or guardian. But, it’s also one of the few cases in which buying life insurance for your child might be wise.
If your child’s health is likely to worsen as they age and make it difficult to find an affordable policy of their own, you can guarantee them coverage and save them some premiums by securing them a policy while they’re young.
If you support an adult with a disability and they are unable to handle their finances or care, you can name a special needs trust (also called a supplemental needs trust) as your beneficiary.
Special needs trusts allow you to specify how the funds should be used. A named trustee manages the funds within your specifications; a co-trustee, such as a lawyer or firm, will ensure the funds are being used correctly. This type of trust also ensures that your dependent can still qualify for needs-based benefit programs like Medicaid and Supplemental Security Income.
Work with a lawyer to create a special needs trust to make sure it’s set up correctly.
Having a life insurance policy isn’t the same as having a disability insurance policy. Life insurance provides a lump sum to support your family after you die, while disability insurance provides an income replacement if you incur a disability and cannot work.
You can usually add a waiver of premium or disability income rider to a life insurance policy to waive your premiums or get a monthly stipend if you become disabled, but both are difficult to qualify for and provide limited coverage amounts.
If you want financial protection for your loved ones in the event of your death and a potential disability, it’s usually better to have a separate life insurance and disability insurance policy.
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